What is high blood pressure?
Blood pressure is the pressure applied to the walls of the blood vessels when the heart contracts. The pressure is usually measured in millimeter mercury (mmHg). The pressure during systole is called "systolic pressure" or "upper pressure", and the pressure during diastole is called "diastolic pressure" or "down pressure". Hypertension means that the upper pressure is continuously at or above 140 mmHg, or the downward pressure is continuously at or above 90 mmHg.
Local situation
Hypertension is quite common in Hong Kong. According to the results of the "2014-2015 Population and Household Health Survey", the prevalence of hypertension among people aged 15 and above is 27%. The prevalence increases with age. Only one in 20 persons aged 15 to 24 suffers from hypertension, and 13 out of every 20 persons aged 65 to 84 suffer from hypertension.
Causes of high blood pressure
- Most of the causes of hypertension (90%) are "primary", that is, the cause is unknown, generally related to the risk factors described below
- Ten percent are "secondary", that is, caused by other diseases or physical changes, such as kidney disease, endocrine disorders, etc.
Risk factors for high blood pressure
- Smoking
- Overweight and obesity
- Lack of exercise
- Too much salt in your diet
- Excessive drinking
- Increasing age
- An immediate family member in the family has high blood pressure
Symptoms
- Hypertension is generally asymptomatic. It is only discovered during a doctor's examination, and even after complications occur.
- High blood pressure may cause symptoms such as dizziness, blurred vision, headache, facial flushing and tiredness
complication
If hypertension is not properly treated or controlled, it will lead to complications, including heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, etc. Therefore, controlling suboptimal hypertension is a silent killer. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent or delay complications.
Regular blood pressure measurement
Since most patients have no obvious symptoms, it is recommended that adults take regular blood pressure measurements:
| Blood pressure classification | Blood pressure level (mmHg) | Suggest | |
| Systolic blood pressure | Diastolic blood pressure | ||
| Ideal blood pressure | Less than 120 | Below 80 | Check again within two years (for those over 75, check once a year) |
| Normal blood pressure | 120-129 | 80-84 | Check once a year |
| Normal high blood pressure | 130-139 | 85-89 | Check once every six months |
| hypertension | 140 or above | 90 or above | See your family doctor as soon as possible for advice |
In addition, after listening to the patient’s medical history and performing a detailed physical examination, the doctor will arrange other tests for the patient in need, such as blood tests, urine tests, electrocardiograms, chest X-rays and fundus examinations to find out high blood pressure Causes and complications of the disease.
Control high blood pressure
To effectively control hypertension and prevent complications, patients need to cooperate fully with their doctors and self-monitor, and pay attention to daily adjustments:
- Take medication as directed by your doctor and follow up regularly
- Self-regular blood pressure monitoring
- Practice a healthy lifestyle
- Stop smoking
- Maintain ideal weight and waist circumference (body mass index less than 23 kg/ m2 , waist circumference of men less than 90 cm, waist circumference of women less than 80 cm)
- Develop healthy eating habits: focus on light diets, eat less salt, soy sauce and pickled foods; eat more fruits and vegetables
- There must be moderate and consistent exercise. Perform at least 10 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity at a time, such as jogging, walking, Tai Chi, swimming, etc., to reach the goal of accumulating at least 150 minutes per week. If you do high-intensity aerobic exercise, you should accumulate at least 75 minutes a week. If there is a risk of cardiovascular disease, please consult medical staff first.
- No alcohol
- Manage stress and keep a cheerful mood
For more information about hypertension care, please refer to"Hong Kong Hypertension Reference Guide-Primary Care of Adult Hypertension Patients [Patients]" ,"Hong Kong Elderly Care Reference Guide-Preventive Care for the Elderly in Primary Care" or consult your family doctor.
Fourteen kinds of diet remedies for hypertension
Nowadays, people suffering from hypertension are not limited to the elderly. Some young people are also hypertensive. There are many remedies for high blood pressure in life. Today I recommend 14 diet remedies for high blood pressure, and the results are pretty good.
1、Cassia tea: 250 grams of cassia, appropriate amount of honey. Stir Cassia with honey and store it in a glass bottle after cooling. For every 10 grams, soak in water instead of tea. This prescription can clear the head, relieve stool, and treat headaches and dizziness caused by hypertension.
2、Celery and red date tea: 350-700 grams of celery, 100-200 grams of red dates, 10 grams of green tea. Add some water and cook the soup. Drink 3 times a day. It can calm the liver and nourish blood, clear away heat and diuresis, regulate the dampness in the stomach, remove sub-irritated heat, and is suitable for hypertension, acute jaundice hepatitis, cystitis, etc.
3、Chrysanthemum and hawthorn tea: 10 grams of chrysanthemum and tea leaves, 30 grams of hawthorn. Brew with boiling water to replace tea. Take 1 dose daily, drink often. It can clear away heat, lower blood pressure, digest food and invigorate the stomach, lower lipids, and is suitable for hypertension, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia.
4、Eucommia tea: 6 grams each of eucommia leaves and green tea. Brew with boiling water, cover for 5 minutes and drink. 1 time a day. It can nourish liver and kidney, strengthen bones and muscles, and lower blood pressure. Most suitable for patients with high blood pressure and heart disease.
5、Dragon tea powder: 50 grams of green tea, 30 grams of gentian. Study the fine powder together and take it with warm water. 3 grams each time, 2 times a day. It can clear away heat and relieve fire, calm the liver and lower blood pressure. It is suitable for hypertension and mouth pain caused by liver fire.
6、Gardenia tea: derived from "Compendium of Materia Medica". Tooth tea and gardenia 30 grams each. Add appropriate amount of water (or 800-1000 ml), fry 1 bowl of thick sauce (about 400-500 ml). 1 dose a day, divided into two warm doses in the morning and afternoon. It can purify fire and liver, cool blood and lower blood pressure. Suitable for hypertension, headache, dizziness, etc.
7、Juhuahua Tea: 3 grams each of chrysanthemum, Sophora japonica and green tea. Put it in a porcelain cup, brew with boiling water, cover tightly and soak for 5 minutes. Take 1 dose a day and drink it frequently. It can calm the liver and expel wind, clear fire and lower blood pressure, and is suitable for hypertension, headache, dizziness and so on.
8、Compound Juhuai Tea: Originated from "Experience Formula". Chrysanthemum, Sophora japonica, green tea each 6 grams, and gentian grass 10 grams. Brew with boiling water and drink after the color becomes thicker. Drink tea on a daily basis. It can clear away heat and wind, lower blood pressure, and is suitable for dizziness caused by high blood pressure.
9、Hawthorn lotus leaf tea: from "Experience Formula". 15 grams of hawthorn and green tea, 12 grams of lotus leaf. Cut into fine pieces, add water to fry or brew with boiling water, and get the thick juice. Take 1 dose per day, regardless of the age of tea. It can eliminate fat, reduce blood pressure and lose weight, and is suitable for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity.
10、Tianma Tea: Originated from "Experimented Recipe." 6 grams of gastrodia, 3 grams of green tea, appropriate amount of honey. First, fry the gastrodia elata for 20 minutes, add green tea, and boil for a while. Take the juice and add honey. Take 1 dose a day, divided into 2 warm doses, and can chew gastrodia. It can calm the liver and suppress the yang, relieve the wind before stopping, and is suitable for high blood pressure, headache and dizziness.
11、Green tea sesame soup: appropriate amount of sesame, 1 g of green tea, 25 g of brown sugar. Stir-fry sesame seeds for later use. Take 5 grams each time, add green tea and brown sugar to a cup, add 400 ml boiling water and serve. It can nourish the liver and kidney, moisturize the five internal organs, resist aging, and is suitable for yin deficiency, dizziness and high blood pressure.
12、Sambo tea: Pu'er tea, chrysanthemum, and Luo Han Guo in equal parts. A total of coarse powder is made, and packed in gauze bags (preferably follicular paper bags), 20 grams per bag. Once a day, use 1 sachet of the medicine, brew in boiling water for 10 minutes, and drink frequently until it is warm. It can lower blood pressure, reduce fat, and lose weight. It is suitable for preventing headaches and dizziness caused by hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperactivity of liver yang.
13、Antihypertensive tea: 18 grams each of Prunella vulgaris, Fuweizi, 30 grams Cassia, 60 grams of raw gypsum, 15 grams each of Scutellaria, tea, Sophora japonica and Uncaria. ① Add appropriate amount of water to the medicine and boil for 20 minutes to get the juice. You can fry the juice 2 times and drink after combining. ②As the end of the joint research of the medicine, it is brewed in boiling water and soaked for 15 minutes. ③Combine the medicine, get the juice, and add honey to harvest the cream. Take 1 dose a day, 3 times in the morning, noon and night. It can clear the liver and purify the fire, lower blood pressure, and is suitable for hypertension, headache, dizziness, etc.
14、Xiangtianguo: used to treat hypertension and relieve headache symptoms of hypertensive patients. Not only can it lower and stabilize blood pressure, but it can also prevent strokes caused by cerebrovascular blockage and prevent Alzheimer's disease; at the same time, it can improve blood circulation and prevent blood vessel blockages, which can help prevent heart disease and stroke. Long-term use of Xiangtianguo can help adjust the body functions of hypertensive patients, and can reduce or even stop other antihypertensive drugs. Xiang Tianguo can regulate the body's hemolytic system, inhibit platelet aggregation, improve blood coagulation, reduce thrombosis, increase heart and brain blood flow, improve the body's anti-hypoxic function, improve myocardial microcirculation, and increase myocardial oxygen supply. Xiangtianguo can regulate the central nervous system, improve arteriosclerosis of blood vessels, strengthen heart function, soften blood vessels and reduce high blood pressure. For patients with hyperlipidemia, it can inhibit the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine, reduce plasma cholesterol, improve fat metabolism, and prevent hyperlipidemia caused by high-fat diet. It can purify the blood, prevent and dissolve thrombus. These functions have a good preventive effect on many types of diseases.
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